Optimization and biodegradation of chromium present in leather industrial effluents using indigenous microorganisms isolated from leather industrial sludge

Abstract

Microorganisms Paracoccus pantotrophus (OP288256) and Bacillus velezensis (OP289289) are used as individual cultures and Co cultures in the biodegradation of Chromium, under different optimized conditions. Isolated microorganisms from Leather industrial sludge are used for the biodegradation of Chromium. The Amount of Chromium degradation individually by Paracoccus pantotrophus, Bacillus velezensis and Co cultures of P. pantotrophus+B.velezensis was observed at pH 7. There was a maximum degradation of chromium by P.pantotrophus, B.velezensis and P. pantotrophus+B.velezensis seen at temperature of 35°C. Chromium degradation by Paracoccus pantotrophus was higher in the media supplemented with Fructose as the carbon source, whereas Bacillus velezensis showed maximum chromium degradation in media that contained Glucose as the carbon source. Thus, Co cultures showed a significant amount of chromium degradation in media that used Glucose and Fructose as carbon source. A significant amount of chromium was degraded by P.pantotrophus in the media containing Yeast Extract as the nitrogen source, whereas degradation by Bacillus velezensis was higher in the media with Peptone and P.pantotrophus+B. velezensis showed a maximum degradation in the media with Glucose and Peptone as the Nitrogen source. More the concentration of the Inoculum added to the media, the amount of chromium degradation gradually increased by individual culture and Co cultures . Significant increase in the chromium degradation observed for the incubation from Day 7 to Day 28, by individual organism and combined cultures. Bioremediation using Co cultured bacteria is an economical and environmentally better alternative to conventional remediation methods.